HIV and drug allergy

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America
Zelalem Temesgen, Gagan Beri

Abstract

Twenty individual antiretroviral drugs and two coformulation products are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of HIV-infected individuals. Many of these drugs have been associated with allergic/hypersensitivity reactions to varying degrees. The antiretroviral drugs that are most commonly associated with these types of reactions are abacavir, all of the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and amprenavir. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, although not an antiretroviral drug, is extensively used for the treatment and prophylaxis of HIV-related opportunistic infections and has been associated with a significant rate of adverse reactions. The authors provide an overview of these drug-related reactions and discuss their pathogenesis and management.

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