HIV and tuberculosis coinfection in the southern region of Ethiopia: a prospective epidemiological study

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
M A YassinLuis E Cuevas

Abstract

HIV has played a key role in TB, modifying its incidence and clinical presentation. This study describes the prevalence of HIV among TB patients attending health facilities in the southern region of Ethiopia. The HIV prevalence was 18% for female and 21% for male TB patients. 15% and 30%, respectively, of the rural and urban patients with TB were HIV positive (p<0.05). 19% (51/261) smear-positive PTB, 26% (36/137) smear-negative PTB and 11% (10/94) of the extrapulmonary TB patients were HIV positive. The proportion of patients with extra-PTB varied from 11% to 38% across the centres and was highest in the zones with the lowest HIV prevalence. In the light of limited diagnostic facilities, clinicians often make a clinical diagnosis of TB without laboratory confirmation. The increase in the number of TB cases could be due to HIV. However, the number of health facilities offering TB treatment in the area also increased (from 53 to 236) during the same period and the increase in TB is likely to be the result of a combination of factors, including improved detection and HIV. It is important to consider this multi-factorial phenomenon when interpreting the increase of TB in a geographical area.

References

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Citations

Aug 1, 2008·BMC Public Health·Daniel G DatikoBernt Lindtjørn
Oct 12, 2011·BMC Psychiatry·Solomon TeferraLars Jacobsson
Mar 27, 2009·Pathology, Research and Practice·Tufa GemechuT Dianne Langford
Apr 6, 2005·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·Alexis CambanisLuis E Cuevas
Dec 14, 2007·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·S HiraoL E Cuevas
Dec 19, 2016·International Journal of Public Health·Gisela CardosoWuleta Lemma
May 1, 2008·Dermatology : International Journal for Clinical and Investigative Dermatology·Margherita TerranovaAldo Morrone
Mar 5, 2011·Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH·Heloisa S P PedroAndréa R B Rossit
Jan 5, 2019·AIDS and Behavior·Yalemzewod Assefa GelawYibeltal Assefa
Dec 20, 2018·BMC Infectious Diseases·Mebrahtu TeweldemedhinSolomon Weldegebreal Asgedom
Dec 17, 2009·Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases·Montserrat Muñoz-SellartLuis E Cuevas
Apr 19, 2018·Tuberculosis Research and Treatment·Ato Kwamena TettehIrene Ayi
Sep 15, 2017·BioMed Research International·Dinna Abera NugussieAnteneh Tesfaye Tefera
Aug 20, 2021·Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases·Samuel ZewudieAbyot Asres

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