HIV Antibody Level as a Marker of HIV Persistence and Low-Level Viral Replication.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
Sheila M KeatingMichael P Busch

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies are generated and maintained by ongoing systemic expression of HIV antigen. We investigated whether HIV antibody responses as measured by high-throughput quantitative and qualitative assays could be used to indirectly measure persistent HIV replication in individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV antibody responses were measured over time in the presence or absence of suppressive ART and were compared to the HIV reservoir size and expression of antiviral restriction factors. Among untreated individuals, including both elite controllers (ie, persons with a viral load of ≤40 copies/mL) and noncontrollers, antibody parameters were stable over time and correlated with the individual viral load. Viral suppression with ART led to a progressive decline in antibody responses after treatment induction that persisted for 5-7 years. Higher levels of HIV antibodies during suppressive therapy were associated with later initiation of ART after infection, with higher DNA and cell-associated RNA levels, and with lower expression of multiple anti-HIV host restriction factors. These findings suggest that declining antibody levels during ART reflect lower levels of antigen production and...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 7, 2018·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Karl SteficUNKNOWN French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (ANRS) PRIMO Study Group
Mar 17, 2018·Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS·Thomas Joshua PasvolSarah Fidler
Apr 11, 2018·Journal of Leukocyte Biology·Surya Kumari VadrevuMohamed Abdel-Mohsen
May 3, 2019·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Sheila M KeatingUNKNOWN ACTG 5321 Team
Oct 29, 2019·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Camilla MucciniAntonella Castagna
Apr 2, 2020·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·Jorge Arca-SuarezJosé-Antonio Girón-González
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Mar 11, 2021·MBio·Yannic C BartschBoris Julg
Oct 12, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Stephanie FischingerGalit Alter

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