PMID: 18193498Jan 15, 2008Paper

HIV-associated alterations in normal-appearing white matter: a voxel-wise diffusion tensor imaging study

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS
Glenn T StebbinsMichael E Moseley

Abstract

There are conflicting reports of adverse HIV-associated alterations in white matter integrity as measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We sought to address these conflicting reports by assessing, on a voxel-by-voxel basis, HIV-associated regional changes in radiologically defined normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) integrity using high-resolution DTI. 30 HIV-seropositive (SP) and 30 HIV-seronegative (SN) nondemented, community-dwelling participants underwent DTI to derive whole-brain measures of white matter integrity (fractional anisotropy [FA] and mean diffusivity [MD]). For each participant, the white matter T2 volume was thresholded to remove regions of abnormal signal, resulting in a NAWM mask, which was then applied to the FA and MD volumes to extract voxel-wise NAWM measures of white matter integrity. Voxel-wise group comparisons of FA and MD were conducted (P < 0.005, extent threshold 5 voxels) while controlling for age and substance-abuse history. There were no significant differences between the groups for demographic or cognitive performance variables. Summary whole-brain measures of FA and MD were equivalent between the SP and SN samples. Among the SP sample, history of substance abuse was associated with sig...Continue Reading

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