HIV-associated immune complex kidney disease

Nature Reviews. Nephrology
Ehsan NobakhtPaul L Kimmel

Abstract

The introduction in the late 20(th) century of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) to treat patients infected with HIV has changed the natural history of the disease from an acute illness that rapidly culminates in death, to a chronic condition that can be managed with medications. Over the past decade the epidemiology of kidney disease in US patients infected with HIV has changed, perhaps because of the increased availability and use of cART. Patients with HIV infection exhibit unique immunologic characteristics, including immunodeficiency and dysregulation of immunoglobulin synthetic responses and T-cell function, which can result in glomerular immune complex deposition and subsequent kidney injury. This Review examines the differential diagnoses of HIV-associated immune complex kidney diseases (HIVICD), and discusses the clinical manifestations and mechanisms underlying their development. We address the issues associated with treatment, clinical outcomes, and research needs to enhance our ability to diagnose and optimally treat patients with HIVICD.

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Citations

Jan 18, 2018·Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension·Jean Hou, Cynthia C Nast
Dec 14, 2017·The New England Journal of Medicine·Scott D CohenPaul L Kimmel
Sep 9, 2017·Infectious Diseases·Ankur Kumar JindalRakesh Kumar Pilania
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Feb 7, 2019·The New England Journal of Medicine·Eli Ben-ChetritAlon Bnaya
Sep 20, 2020·BMC Nephrology·Vivek CharuNeeraja Kambham
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Mar 21, 2019·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Junyu ChenYan V Sun
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Dec 18, 2018·Frontiers in Medicine·Narayan Prasad, Manas Ranjan Patel
Sep 22, 2020·Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy·Anam TariqMohamed G Atta

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