HIV-infected patients with opportunistic pulmonary infections misdiagnosed as lung cancers: the clinicoradiologic features and initial application of CT radiomics

Journal of Thoracic Disease
Weiya ShiYuxin Shi

Abstract

To characterize clinicoradiologic and radiomic features for identifying opportunistic pulmonary infections (OPIs) misdiagnosed as lung cancers in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Twenty-four HIV-infected patients who were misdiagnosed with lung cancers on CT images and had OPIs confirmed by pathological examination or integration of clinical and laboratory findings and 49 HIV-infected patients with lung cancers confirmed pathologically were included. Semiautomated segmentation of the lesion was implemented with an in-house software. The lesion boundary was adjusted manually by radiologists. A total of 99 nonenhanced-CT-based radiomic features were then extracted with PyRadiomics. The clinicoradiologic and radiomic features were compared between the OPI and cancer groups. In the OPI group, 19 patients (79.2%) had tuberculosis (TB) infections, 2 (8.3%) had nontuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) infections, 2 (8.3%) had cryptococcus infections and 1 (4.2%) had a mixed infection of TB and NTM. There were significant differences in age, proportion of smokers, smoking index, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) duration, CD4+ counts and CD4+/CD8+ ratio between the two groups (P=0.000, 0.012, 0.007, 0.002, 0.000,...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 1, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Stefano FregaGiulia Pasello
Feb 18, 2020·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·Hairui WangZhaoyu Liu
Sep 7, 2020·Methods : a Companion to Methods in Enzymology·Florian PrayerHelmut Prosch
Mar 30, 2021·Radiology. Cardiothoracic Imaging·Sebastian RöhrichGeorg Langs

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