HLA structure and function: a contemporary view

Tissue Antigens
W F Bodmer

Abstract

The HLA and H-2 genetic maps are aligned optimally if HLA-A corresponds to H-2K, in which case the position of all the other markers, except these, corresponds. The two sequences could be related by a double inversion, an intra-chromosomal double crossover, or differential expression of different parts of the regions in the two species. The coding regions of DNA are probably arranged into non-contiguous pieces, which may correspond to defined domains of the HLA protein products. Serological data suggests an ABC common region which codes for a piece common to the HLA-A,B and C products and raises the question of control of expression over relatively long distances. Trophoblasts and so choriocarcinomas do not express HLA-A,B,C on their surface and this may explain why the fetus survives as an allograft and why HLA incompatibility does not affect choriocarcinomas. The lack of expression of HLA-A,B,C on some tumors may be a change that is selected for during tumor progression to escape from T cell mediated immune attack. The mouse H-2 I-A region probably corresponds to the neighborhood of HLA-DR, while the apparent heterogeneity of the HLA-DR products may be explained by the existence of two more two set of products homologous to I...Continue Reading

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