Homocysteine and heart failure: an overview

Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery
Enrico VizzardiLivio Dei Cas

Abstract

An elevated plasma level of homocysteine (HCY) is associated with increased risk of thrombotic and atherosclerotic vascular disease. Several studies and recent patents have demonstrated that hyper-homocysteinemia (HHCY) is an independent risk factor for vascular disease. An elevated homocysteine level has been also reported to be a risk factor for the development of congestive heart failure (CHF) in individuals free of myocardial infarction. Animal studies showed that experimental HHCY induces systolic and diastolic dysfunction, as well as an increased BNP expression. Moreover, hyperhomocysteinemic animals exhibit an adverse cardiac remodeling characterized by accumulation of interstitial and perivascular collagen. The mechanisms leading from an elevated HCY level to reduced pump function and adverse cardiac remodeling are a matter of speculation. Existing data indicate that direct effects of HCY on the myocardium, as well as nitric oxide independent vascular effects, are involved. Preliminary data from small intervention trials have initiated the speculation that HCY lowering therapy by micronutrients may improve clinical as well as laboratory markers of CHF. In conclusion, HHCY might be a potential etiological factor in CHF. ...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 6, 2012·Meditsinskaia tekhnika·A Ia IashinT A Mikhaĭlov
Feb 26, 2013·Nutrition·Ioanna EleftheriadouNicholas Tentolouris
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Mar 13, 2015·Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry·Varun KesherwaniParas Kumar Mishra
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Oct 19, 2013·Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine·Hyun YangEui-Bae Jeung
Nov 25, 2011·Hemodialysis International·Stéphanie BadiouJean-Paul Cristol

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