Hookworm Secreted Extracellular Vesicles Interact With Host Cells and Prevent Inducible Colitis in Mice

Frontiers in Immunology
Ramon M EichenbergerAlex Loukas

Abstract

Gastrointestinal (GI) parasites, hookworms in particular, have evolved to cause minimal harm to their hosts, allowing them to establish chronic infections. This is mediated by creating an immunoregulatory environment. Indeed, hookworms are such potent suppressors of inflammation that they have been used in clinical trials to treat inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and celiac disease. Since the recent description of helminths (worms) secreting extracellular vesicles (EVs), exosome-like EVs from different helminths have been characterized and their salient roles in parasite-host interactions have been highlighted. Here, we analyze EVs from the rodent parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, which has been used as a model for human hookworm infection. N. brasiliensis EVs (Nb-EVs) are actively internalized by mouse gut organoids, indicating a role in driving parasitism. We used proteomics and RNA-Seq to profile the molecular composition of Nb-EVs. We identified 81 proteins, including proteins frequently present in exosomes (like tetraspanin, enolase, 14-3-3 protein, and heat shock proteins), and 27 sperm-coating protein-like extracellular proteins. RNA-Seq analysis revealed 52 miRNA species, many of which putatively map to mouse gene...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 16, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Mario MatijašićDonatella Verbanac
May 27, 2020·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Jayden LoganAlex Loukas
Jun 22, 2020·Clinical and Translational Medicine·Gaoying WangFei Mao
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May 11, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Karen J MontañoJavier Sotillo

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PXD009165
GSE111478

Methods Mentioned

BETA
Protein Assay
electrophoresis
ELISA
density gradient centrifugation
confocal microscopy

Software Mentioned

Tide
Blast +
Search tool
GF
MS
miR
miRDeep2
OMSSA
ev
alluvial

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