Hop bitter acids containing a β-carbonyl moiety prevent inflammation-induced cognitive decline via the vagus nerve and noradrenergic system.

Scientific Reports
Yasuhisa AnoHiroyuki Nakayama

Abstract

The prevention of age-related cognitive decline and dementia is becoming a high priority because of the rapid growth of aging populations. We have previously shown that hop bitter acids such as iso-α-acids (IAAs) and matured hop bitter acids (MHBAs) activate the vagus nerve and improve memory impairment. Moreover, supplements with MHBAs were shown to improve memory retrieval in older adults. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been entirely elucidated. We aimed to investigate the effects of MHBAs and the common β-tricarbonyl moiety on memory impairment induced by the activation of microglia and the loss of the noradrenergic system. MHBAs and a model compound with β-tricarbonyl moiety were administered to LPS-inoculated mice and 5 × FAD Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice, following the evaluation in behavioral tests and microglial activation. To evaluate the association of noradrenaline with MHBAs effects, mice treated with N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (DSP-4), a noradrenergic neurotoxin that selectively damages noradrenergic projections from the locus coeruleus, were subjected to the behavioral evaluation. MHBAs reduced brain inflammation and improved LPS-induced memory impairment. A model compound poss...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 23, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Yasuhisa AnoTomoyuki Furuyashiki

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
protein assay
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
transgenic
flow cytometry
FACS
ELISA

Software Mentioned

SMART
GraphPad Prism
PanLab

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