Hormonal control of growth in the wing imaginal disks ofJunonia coenia : the relative contributions of insulin and ecdysone

Development
H Frederik NijhoutLaura W Grunert

Abstract

The wing imaginal disks of Lepidoptera can be grown in tissue culture, but require both insulin and ecdysone to grow normally. Here, we investigate the contributions the two hormones make to growth. Ecdysone is required to maintain mitoses, whereas in the presence of insulin alone mitoses stop. Both ecdysone and insulin stimulate protein synthesis, but only ecdysone stimulates DNA synthesis. Insulin stimulates primarily cytoplasmic growth and an increase in cell size, whereas ecdysone, by virtue of its stimulation of DNA synthesis and mitosis, stimulates growth by an increase in cell number. Although both hormones stimulate protein synthesis, they do so in different spatial patterns. Both hormones stimulate protein synthesis in the inter-vein regions, but ecdysone stimulates synthesis more strongly in the veins and in the margin of the wing disk. We propose that the balance of insulin and ecdysone signaling must be regulated to maintain normal growth, and when growth appears to be due primarily to an increase in cell number, or an increase in cell size, this may indicate growth occurred under conditions that favored a stronger role for ecdysone, or insulin, respectively.

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Citations

May 30, 2019·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Kenneth Z McKennaH Frederik Nijhout
Jul 2, 2020·BioEssays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology·Richard GawneMichael Levin
Feb 23, 2019·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Christen K Mirth, Alexander W Shingleton
Sep 26, 2019·Integrative and Comparative Biology·H Frederik Nijhout, Kenneth Z McKenna
May 23, 2018·Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology·H Frederik Nijhout, Kenneth Z McKenna
Oct 29, 2021·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B, Molecular and Developmental Evolution·Kenneth Z McKenna, H Frederik Nijhout

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