PMID: 7538796Mar 1, 1995Paper

Horse trophoblasts produce tumor necrosis factor alpha but not interleukin 2, interleukin 4, or interferon gamma

Biology of Reproduction
G Grünig, D F Antczak

Abstract

The distribution of four cytokines was analyzed in the endometrium and trophoblast of the horse between Days 30 and 55 of gestation. Endometrial tissues, invasive trophoblast (chorionic girdle), and noninvasive trophoblast (chorion and allantochorion) were examined separately. Cytokine expression was determined by amplification of specific mRNA via the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Messenger RNA for interleukin 2 (IL-2), interleukin 4 (IL-4), and interferon gamma (IFN gamma) was detected in endometrial tissues, unstimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes, and control kidney tissue, but not in trophoblasts. leukocytes resident in the endometrium or traversing the uterus via blood vessels might be the source of these cytokines. Endometrial tissues and invasive and noninvasive trophoblasts expressed mRNA for tumor necrosis factor alpha TNF alpha). Immuonoreactive TNF alpha protein was detected in different cell types of the endometrium and in the invasive and noninvasive trophoblast. The ubiquitous expression of TNF alpha by the endometrium and trophoblasts suggests that this cytokine might have an important role in regulating placental growth and differentiation or maternal leukocyte responses to trophob...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 14, 1997·Journal of Reproductive Immunology·P LunnO J Ginther
Jan 1, 2003·Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology·W-S LimJ M Ball
Feb 9, 1999·Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology·S Giguère, J F Prescott
Jan 22, 2003·Animal Reproduction Science·S Schäfer-Somi
Jan 24, 2009·Biology of Reproduction·Shawn P MurphyB Anne Croy
Sep 1, 1996·American Journal of Reproductive Immunology : AJRI·K E VagnoniD P Lunn
Nov 20, 1998·The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science·Y HanafusaM Onuma
Jan 8, 2016·Biology of Reproduction·Katrien SmitsAnn Van Soom
Sep 1, 2011·Reproduction in Domestic Animals = Zuchthygiene·P J Hansen

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