Host factors in the pathogenesis of HIV disease

Immunological Reviews
O J CohenA S Fauci

Abstract

Host factors play an important role in determining rates of disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. HIV is able to subvert the host immune system by infecting CD4+ T cells that normally orchestrate immune responses and by inducing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines that the virus can utilize to its own replicative advantage. The recognition that certain chemokine receptors serve as necessary co-factors for HIV entry into its target cells as well as the fact that ligands for these receptors can modulate the efficiency of HIV infection has expanded the number and scope of host factors that may impact the pathogenesis of HIV disease. This area of investigation will no doubt yield novel therapeutic strategies for intervention in HIV disease; however, caution is warranted in light of the enormous complexity of the pleiotropic cytokine and chemokine networks and the uncertainty inherent in manipulating these systems. HIV-infected long-term non-progressors represent an excellent model to study potential host factors involved in HIV disease pathogenesis. Genetic factors certainly have a major impact on the immune responses mounted by the host. In this regard, a polymorphism in the gene fo...Continue Reading

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