Host-pathogen reorganisation during host cell entry by Chlamydia trachomatis

Microbes and Infection
Andrea NansRichard D Hayward

Abstract

Chlamydia trachomatis is obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that remains a significant public health burden worldwide. A critical early event during infection is chlamydial entry into non-phagocytic host epithelial cells. Like other Gram-negative bacteria, C. trachomatis uses a type III secretion system (T3SS) to deliver virulence effector proteins into host cells. These effectors trigger bacterial uptake and promote bacterial survival and replication within the host cell. In this review, we highlight recent cryo-electron tomography that has provided striking insights into the initial interactions between Chlamydia and its host. We describe the polarised structure of extracellular C. trachomatis elementary bodies (EBs), and the supramolecular organisation of T3SS complexes on the EB surface, in addition to the changes in host and pathogen architecture that accompany bacterial internalisation and EB encapsulation into early intracellular vacuoles. Finally, we consider the implications for further understanding the mechanism of C. trachomatis entry and how this might relate to those of other bacteria and viruses.

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Citations

Sep 15, 2016·Expert Review of Clinical Immunology·John D Carter, Alan P Hudson
Aug 25, 2017·Clinical and Vaccine Immunology : CVI·Steven S WitkinIara M Linhares
May 4, 2018·The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians·Priya PrasadSangita Rastogi
Feb 20, 2020·Medical Microbiology and Immunology·Sounak ChowdhuryJohan Malmström
Nov 28, 2017·Molecular Microbiology·Christian OttenJeanne Salje
Jun 12, 2020·Frontiers in Microbiology·Miriam Theresia MarschallJürgen Benjamin Hagemann
Apr 11, 2019·European Journal of Microbiology & Immunology·Luis Francisco Sánchez-AnguianoCosme Alvarado-Esquivel
Mar 7, 2021·Microorganisms·Meenakumari MuthuramalingamWilliam D Picking
Mar 28, 2021·Vaccine·Sam M Murray, Paul F McKay

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
electron microscopy
fluorescence microscopy
electron tomography
nucleotide

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