Host plant-dependent effects of microbes and phytochemistry on the insect immune response

Oecologia
Su'ad A YoonAngela M Smilanich

Abstract

Herbivorous insects can defend themselves against pathogens via an immune response, which is influenced by the nutritional quality and phytochemistry of the host plant. However, it is unclear how these aspects of diet interact to influence the insect immune response and what role is played by ingested foliar microbes. We examined dietary protein, phytochemistry, and the caterpillar microbiome to understand variation in immune response of the Melissa blue butterfly, Lycaeides melissa. We also asked if these factors have host plant-specific effects by measuring L. melissa immune response when reared on a recently colonized exotic host plant (Medicago sativa) as compared to the immune response on an ancestral, native host (Astragalus canadensis). L. melissa did not experience immunological benefits directly related to consumption of the novel plant M. sativa. However, we did find negative, direct effects of phytochemical diversity and negative, direct effects of diet-derived microbial diversity on constitutive immune response for caterpillars fed M. sativa, as measured by phenoloxidase activity. Foliar protein did not directly influence the immune response, but did do so indirectly by increasing weight gain. Our results highlight ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 17, 2020·Journal of Chemical Ecology·Charles J Mason
Nov 29, 2020·Science Advances·M L ForisterZ Gompert
May 3, 2021·Current Opinion in Insect Science·Pilar Fernandez-ConradiSergio Rasmann

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Genome Sequencing

Software Mentioned

R package lavaan
Adobe Photoshop
vegan R package
R
edgeR package
AXIOCAM
UTAX
BLAST
Microplate Manager ( MPM )
USEARCH

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