Host range and cellular tropism of the human exogenous gammaretrovirus XMRV

Virology
Kristin StielerNicole Fischer

Abstract

Recently, the first human infection with an exogenous gammaretrovirus (XMRV) was reported. In its initial description, XMRV was confined to prostate stromal fibroblasts, although subsequent reports demonstrated XMRV protein expression in prostate epithelial cells. Most recently, XMRV has been detected in blood cells of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. The aim of this study was to elucidate the transmission routes and tissue tropism of XMRV by comparing its host range, receptor usage and LTR functionality with other MLV isolates. We demonstrate using pseudotype experiments that XMRV Env mediates efficient infection of cells from different species. We show that replication competent XMRV infects various human cell types, including hematopoietic cell lines and prostate stromal fibroblasts. XMRV-LTR activity is significantly higher in the prostate cancer cell line LNCaP and in prostate stromal fibroblasts, compared to other cell types tested and could be one factor contributing to efficient viral spread in prostate tissue.

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Citations

Aug 14, 2010·PloS One·Marion CornelissenAntoinette C van der Kuyl
Sep 3, 2010·Retrovirology·Robert A SmithA Dusty Miller
Dec 2, 2010·Retrovirology·Christine A Kozak
Aug 19, 2010·Immunologic Research·Alice Rusmevichientong, Samson A Chow
Feb 9, 2012·Advances in Virology·Prachi SharmaFrançois Villinger
Feb 9, 2012·Advances in Virology·David E KangRobert H Silverman
May 29, 2010·Emerging Infectious Diseases·Nicole FischerMartin Aepfelbacher
Nov 5, 2013·Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA·Rong MaXiao-Lan Cui
Oct 15, 2011·Biologicals : Journal of the International Association of Biological Standardization·Dhanya K WilliamsArifa S Khan
Dec 16, 2011·Journal of Medical Virology·Jason T BlackardDenise J Jamieson
May 23, 2013·Transfusion Medicine·O K KakisiR S Tedder
Feb 24, 2012·The Journal of General Virology·Harriet C T Groom, Kate N Bishop
Dec 25, 2010·Acta Microbiologica Et Immunologica Hungarica·Joseph G Sinkovics
Apr 20, 2011·Cell Host & Microbe·Mark A Wainberg, Kuan-Teh Jeang
Feb 19, 2016·Journal of Virology·Ariko MiyakeKazuo Nishigaki
Jun 3, 2010·Nature Reviews. Urology·Robert H SilvermanEric A Klein
Feb 22, 2012·British Journal of Cancer·G KhanK M I Al Zarouni

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