Host response and dysfunction in the CNS during chronic simian immunodeficiency virus infection.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
Eleanor S RobertsHoward S Fox

Abstract

CNS abnormalities can be detected during chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, before the development of opportunistic infections or other sequelae of immunodeficiency. However, although end-stage dementia caused by HIV has been linked to the presence of infected and activated macrophages and microglia in the brain, the nature of the changes resulting in the motor and cognitive disorders in the chronic stage is unknown. Using simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus monkeys, we sought the molecular basis for CNS dysfunction. In the chronic stable stage, nearly 2 years after infection, all animals had verified CNS functional abnormalities. Both virus and infiltrating lymphocytes (CD8+ T-cells) were found in the brain. Molecular analysis revealed that the expression of several immune response genes was increased, including CCL5, which has pleiotropic effects on neurons as well as immune cells. CCL5 was significantly upregulated throughout the course of infection, and in the chronic phase was present in the infiltrating lymphocytes. We have identified an altered state of the CNS at an important stage of the viral-host interaction, likely arising to protect against the virus but in the long term leading to dama...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 15, 2010·Journal of Neural Transmission·Pascale Giraudon, Arlette Bernard
Nov 28, 2007·Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology·Gurudutt PendyalaHoward S Fox
Nov 28, 2007·Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology·Howard E Gendelman
Sep 17, 2009·Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology·Sowmya V Yelamanchili, Howard S Fox
Mar 1, 2012·Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology·Jessica M WinklerHoward S Fox
Apr 22, 2011·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Dorian B McGavern, Silvia S Kang
Dec 21, 2006·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Ronald EllisEliezer Masliah
Sep 10, 2008·Journal of Neurovirology·Howard S Fox
Oct 11, 2012·PloS One·Benjamin B GelmanUNKNOWN National NeuroAIDS Tissue Consortium
May 7, 2008·The American Journal of Pathology·Raghava Potula, Yuri Persidsky
Sep 12, 2007·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Salvador Huitron-ResendizHoward S Fox
Apr 16, 2008·Journal of Neurochemistry·Tammy Kielian
Oct 21, 2009·Neuron·Stephanie D Kraft-TerryHoward E Gendelman
Nov 28, 2007·Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology·Joan W BermanWalter Royal
Aug 31, 2017·Molecular Brain·Wenjuan Ru, Shao-Jun Tang
Sep 20, 2007·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Santhi GorantlaHoward E Gendelman
Apr 20, 2007·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Maria Cecilia G MarcondesHoward S Fox

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