PMID: 18422042Apr 22, 2008Paper

Hot filter/impinger and dilution sampling for fine particulate matter characterization from ferrous metal casting processes

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association
Sue Anne N SheyaJohn G Watson

Abstract

A study using two stack-sampling methodologies for collecting particulate matter (PM) emissions was conducted using a hot filter followed by a cold impinger sampling train and a dilution sampler. Samples were collected from ferrous iron metal casting processes that included pouring molten iron into a sand mold containing an organic binder, metal cooling, removal of the sand from the cooled casting (shakeout), and postshakeout cooling. The shakeout process contributed more to PM emissions than the metal pouring and cooling processes. Particulate matter less than 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) mass emissions for the entire casting cycle ranged from 3.4 to 4.7 lb/t of metal for the hot filter/impinger method and from 0.8 to 1.8 lb/t of metal for the dilution method. Most of the difference was due to PM captured by the impingers, much of which was probably dissolved gases rather than condensable vapors. Of the PM fraction captured by the impingers, 96-98% was organic in nature. The impinger PM fraction contributed 32-38% to the total suspended particle mass and caused a factor of 2-4 positive bias for PM2.5 emissions. For the pouring and cooling processes only, the factor increased to over seven times.

References

Feb 19, 2000·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·L A Corio, J Sherwell
Jan 15, 2005·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·M C Oliver ChangGlenn C England
May 10, 2006·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·John G WatsonKihong Park
Sep 29, 2006·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·Honghong YiXingming Guo
Feb 3, 2007·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·Glenn C EnglandGeorge M Hidy
Feb 3, 2007·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·Glenn C EnglandGeorge M Hidy

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Citations

Mar 22, 2011·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·Amiel Boullemant
Jun 24, 2015·Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association·John G WatsonCharles L Blanchard

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