PMID: 16639892Apr 28, 2006Paper

How closely do acute lethal concentration estimates predict effects of toxicants on populations?

Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management
John D Stark

Abstract

Acute lethal dose/concentration estimates are the most widely used measure of toxicity and these data often are used in ecological risk assessment. However, the value of the lethal concentration (LC50) as a toxicological endpoint for use in ecological risk assessment recently has been criticized. A question that has been asked frequently is how accurate is the LC50 for prediction of longer-term effects of toxicants on populations of organisms? To answer this question, Daphnia pulex populations were exposed to nominal concentrations equal to the 48-h acute LC50 of 6 insecticides, Actara, Aphistar diazinon, pymetrozine, Neemix, and Spinosad; and 8 agricultural adjuvants, Bond, Kinetic, Plyac, R-11, Silwet, Sylgard 309, Water Maxx, and X-77; for 10 d. None of the D. pulex populations exposed to the acute LC50 of these insecticides were 50% lower than the control populations at the end of the study; exposure to diazinon resulted in populations that were higher than expected (91% of the control). Exposure to Actara and Aphistar resulted in populations that were < 1 and 29% of the control, respectively. Exposure to Fulfill, Neemix, and Spinosad resulted in extinction. Extinction occurred after exposure to all of the adjuvants, except...Continue Reading

References

Nov 1, 1996·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·M Longley, J D Stark
Jun 1, 1997·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·W K Walthall, J D Stark
Aug 1, 1997·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·J D StarkA Antonelli
Mar 26, 1999·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·J D Stark, J A Banken
Jul 18, 2001·Pest Management Science·G D CrouseJ G Martynow
Jun 14, 2002·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Henriette SelckSøren Petersen
Sep 11, 2002·Annual Review of Entomology·John D Stark, John E Banks
Oct 25, 2003·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·John D Stark, Roger I Vargas
Jan 10, 2004·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·John D Stark, William K Walthall
Jan 14, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·John D StarkRoger Vargas
Feb 26, 2004·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Lawrence W Barnthouse
Jun 29, 2006·Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·J P GiesyE E Kenaga

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Citations

Jul 31, 2013·PloS One·Marthe Monique Gagnon, Sajida Bakhtyar
Oct 25, 2012·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·J D WillsonB D Todd
Feb 16, 2010·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Yuichi IwasakiMasashi Kamo
Feb 19, 2013·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Yuichi IwasakiMasashi Kamo
Oct 27, 2009·European Journal of Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine·Marc De Leeuw, Werner Jacobs
Oct 16, 2019·PloS One·Angeleen M OlsonAnne K Salomon
Sep 2, 2017·The Science of the Total Environment·Jing ChenChristopher A Mullin
Apr 19, 2012·Environmental Science & Technology·Niklas Hanson, John D Stark
Dec 25, 2021·Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management·Laura J HarrisonPiran C L White

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