How could stress lead to major depressive disorder?

IBRO Reports
Gal Richter-Levin, Lin Xu

Abstract

Stress is associated with major depressive disorder (MDD), but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. However, some experiences, referred to as stress, may actually lead to resilience. It is thus critical first to define what type of stress may lead to MDD. Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) are both sensitive to stress, but particularly to inescapable and not escapable stress. Thus, these are the psychological aspects of stress which contribute to the development of MDD, but by which mechanisms remains still elusive. Interestingly, the same stress may facilitate LTD and impair LTP in the CA1 region. In addition, repeated efforts are often required for learning under neutral conditions but single- or few learning trials are sufficient for forming stress-related memories. If LTP is crucial for normal learning, a combination of limited LTP and facilitated LTD appears to have higher efficiency for storing stress-related memories. Chronic psychological stress may cause a hyper-link among stress-related memories across the spatiotemporal due to shared quality of inescapability, leading to automatically negative appraisal through memory generalization mechanisms in MDD patients when encountering new distin...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 31, 2019·The FEBS Journal·Deepika Puri, Deepa Subramanyam
Sep 19, 2019·Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie·Xiangzhi JiangDongming Wang
Oct 1, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Mikhail V VoroninSergei B Seredenin
Dec 12, 2020·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Rinki SahaGal Richter-Levin
Jun 3, 2021·Nutrients·Jian Zhang, Ai Zhao
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Sin Yee YapKai-Shuen Pheh
Dec 24, 2020·The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry·Gin S MalhiGreg Murray
Aug 6, 2021·Acta Neuropsychiatrica·Amanda J SalesSâmia R L Joca
Oct 17, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jia JiaHongtao Qin
Nov 2, 2021·The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology·Norma Angélica Labra RuizDavid Calderón Guzmán

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