How do the satellite glia cells of the dorsal root ganglia respond to stressed neurons?--nitric oxide saga from embryonic development to axonal injury in adulthood

Neuron Glia Biology
Matthew J G BradmanThimmasettappa Thippeswamy

Abstract

Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) respond to peripheral nerve injury by up-regulating nitric oxide (NO) production by neurons and glia in addition to local fibroblasts, endothelium and macrophages. We hypothesise that NO produced from these cells has specific roles. We have shown that when neuronal NO synthase (nNOS) is blocked in axotomised DRG, neurons undergo degenerative changes (Thippeswamy et al., 2001, 2007a). Further, we demonstrated that increased neuronal NO production, in response to axotomy/growth factor-deprivation in vitro, signals glial cells to produce trophic factors to support neuronal survival (Thippeswamy et al., 2005a). Recently, we found that treating satellite glia-neuron co-cultures with nNOS inhibitor, 7-nitroindazole (7NI), decreases the number of nestin+ cells that show neuron-like morphology. Cultured/axotomised DRG also upregulate inducible NOS (iNOS) in non-neuronal cells. Therefore, it is plausible that degenerative changes following nNOS inhibition are also due to iNOS-mediated excessive NO production by non-neuronal cells, which indeed is cytotoxic. NG-nitro-l-arginine methylester (L-NAME), the pan NOS inhibitor did not significantly change nNOS+ neuron number in axotomised DRG compared to 7NI suggestin...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 29, 2011·Neuron Glia Biology·Vitali BelzerMenachem Hanani
May 23, 2012·Neuron Glia Biology·Matthew J G BradmanThimmasettappa Thippeswamy
Jul 8, 2010·Neuron Glia Biology·Menachem Hanani
Sep 22, 2012·The Journal of Sexual Medicine·Nicholas AngeloniCarol A Podlasek
Feb 5, 2015·BioMed Research International·Sreekanth PuttacharyThimmasettappa Thippeswamy
Jun 7, 2013·Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Médicas E Biológicas·F RigonW A Partata
Oct 15, 2019·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Quanpeng ZhangXinan Yi

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