How effective are current dietary guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention in healthy middle-aged and older men and women? A randomized controlled trial

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Dianne P ReidlingerCardiovascular disease risk REduction Study (CRESSIDA) investigators

Abstract

Controversy surrounds the effectiveness of dietary guidelines for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in healthy middle-aged and older men and women. The objective was to compare effects on vascular and lipid CVD risk factors of following the United Kingdom dietary guidelines with a traditional British diet (control). With the use of a parallel-designed randomized controlled trial in 165 healthy nonsmoking men and women (aged 40-70 y), we measured ambulatory blood pressure (BP) on 5 occasions, vascular function, and CVD risk factors at baseline and during 12 wk after random assignment to treatment. The primary outcomes were differences between treatments in daytime ambulatory systolic BP, flow-mediated dilation, and total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol. Secondary outcomes were differences between treatment in carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and a measure of insulin sensitivity (Revised Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index). Data were available on 162 participants, and adherence to the dietary advice was confirmed from dietary records and biomarkers of compliance. In the dietary guidelines group (n = 80) compared with control (n = 82), daytime systolic BP was 4.2 mm Hg (95% C...Continue Reading

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Jan 10, 2016·European Journal of Nutrition·Virginia GovoniWendy L Hall
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