How space-number associations may be created in preliterate children: six distinct mechanisms

Frontiers in Psychology
Hans-Christoph NuerkSilke M Göbel

Abstract

The directionality of space-number association (SNA) is shaped by cultural experiences. It usually follows the culturally dominant reading direction. Smaller numbers are generally associated with the starting side for reading (left side in Western cultures), while larger numbers are associated with the right endpoint side. However, SNAs consistent with cultural reading directions are present before children can actually read and write. Therefore, these SNAs cannot only be shaped by the direction of children's own reading/writing behavior. We propose six distinct processes - one biological and five cultural/educational - underlying directional SNAs before formal reading acquisition: (i) Brain lateralization, (ii) Monitoring adult reading behavior, (iii) Pretend reading and writing, and rudimentary reading and writing skills, (iv) Dominant attentional directional preferences in a society, not directly related to reading direction, (v) Direct spatial-numerical learning, (vi) Other spatial-directional processes independent of reading direction. In this mini-review, we will differentiate between these processes, elaborate when in development they might emerge, discuss how they may create the SNAs observed in preliterate children and...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 24, 2016·Psychological Research·Viola Macchi CassiaHermann Bulf
Jun 2, 2015·Frontiers in Psychology·Martin H Fischer, Samuel Shaki
Apr 2, 2019·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology : QJEP·Stefan Buijsman, Carlos Tirado
Aug 12, 2017·Psychological Research·Wenke MöhringAndrea Frick
Aug 25, 2019·Experimental Brain Research·Erica S GhezziHannah A D Keage
Apr 30, 2020·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Krzysztof CiporaHans-Christoph Nuerk
May 28, 2017·Scientific Reports·Hermann BulfViola Macchi Cassia
Sep 15, 2018·Scientific Reports·Tina WeisThomas Lachmann
Feb 26, 2019·Behavior Research Methods·Krzysztof CiporaHans-Christoph Nuerk
Apr 27, 2019·Frontiers in Psychology·Elizabeth Y ToomarianEdward M Hubbard
Nov 20, 2016·Cognitive Science·Katarzyna Patro, Hans-Christoph Nuerk
Nov 29, 2016·Frontiers in Psychology·Réka VágvölgyiHans-Christoph Nuerk
May 10, 2017·Psychological Science·Kensy CooperriderRafael Núñez
Jul 14, 2017·Infant and Child Development·Jaccoline E van 't NoordendeEvelyn H Kroesbergen
Jun 20, 2018·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Antonio RománJulio Santiago
May 17, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Rosa RuganiLuisa Sartori
Jun 9, 2018·Frontiers in Psychology·Francesco SellaMarco Zorzi
Feb 26, 2019·Frontiers in Psychology·Elena SixtusKarsten Werner
Apr 24, 2018·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Elizabeth Y Toomarian, Edward M Hubbard
Sep 3, 2017·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Silke M GöbelSamuel Shaki

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