How the temperate world was colonised by bindweeds: biogeography of the Convolvuleae (Convolvulaceae)

BMC Evolutionary Biology
Thomas C MitchellMark A Carine

Abstract

At a global scale, the temperate zone is highly fragmented both between and within hemispheres. This paper aims to investigate how the world's disjunct temperate zones have been colonised by the pan-temperate plant group Convolvuleae, sampling 148 of the c. 225 known species. We specifically determine the number and timing of amphitropical and transoceanic disjunctions, investigate the extent to which disjunctions in Convolvuleae are spatio-temporally congruent with those in other temperate plant groups and determine the impact of long-distance dispersal events on diversification rates. Eight major disjunctions are observed in Convolvuleae: two Northern Hemisphere, two Southern Hemisphere and four amphitropical. Diversity in the Southern Hemisphere is largely the result of a single colonisation of Africa 3.1-6.4 Ma, and subsequent dispersals from Africa to both Australasia and South America. Speciation rates within this monophyletic, largely Southern Hemisphere group (1.38 species Myr(-1)) are found to be over twice those of the tribe as a whole (0.64 species Myr(-1)). Increased speciation rates are also observed in Calystegia (1.65 species Myr(-1)). The Convolvuleae has colonised every continent of the world with a temperate b...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 6, 2021·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Oseias Souza da Silva JúniorEloisa Helena de Aguiar Andrade

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Software Mentioned

Tracer
CODA
R package BAMMtools
beast
Lagrange
BAMM
UPGMA
TreeAnnotator
LogCombiner
Bayesian Analysis of Macroevolutionary Mixtures ( BAMM )

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