How the type of risk reduction influences required sample sizes in randomised clinical trials

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Karin BruynesteynDésirée Van Der Heijde

Abstract

To increase change between groups, randomised clinical trials (RCT) often include patients with high risk for a particular outcome, by inclusion criteria that select predictors for that outcome. This increases the statistical power, and fewer patients are required for that RCT. The way in which patient selection influences the power, and thus sample size required, depends on how an intervention reduces the individual risk: by an absolute or relative risk reduction model.

References

Oct 5, 1996·BMJ : British Medical Journal·J N Matthews, D G Altman
Oct 23, 2001·Arthritis and Rheumatism·M BoersUNKNOWN COBRA Trial Group. Combinatietherapie Bij Reumatoide Artritis
Mar 27, 2002·International Journal of Epidemiology·Finlay A McAlister
Jan 25, 2003·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Douglas G Altman, J Martin Bland
Mar 14, 2003·Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases·M OsiriP Tugwell

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Citations

Mar 24, 2004·Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases·K BruynesteynD van der Heijde
Oct 30, 2016·Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·Vikesh K Singh

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