Human chemosensory perception of methyl isothiocyanate: chemesthesis and odor

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP
W S CainBruce C Allen

Abstract

An unpublished laboratory study by Russell and Rush (1996) showed that human subjects sense the presence of methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) via the eyes at concentrations as low as hundreds of ppb in air, with dependence upon duration of exposure. The longer the stimulation, the lower the concentrations sensed. Application of benchmark concentration (BMC10) modeling indicated a best estimate of 330 ppb by the end of 4h. With a confidence limit (BMCL) applied, the level dropped to 220 ppb, when employing a probit model. Receptors known as TRPA1 ion channels present in trigeminal and associated peripheral afferent nerves have shown particular sensitivity to isothiocyanates. Sensitivity to these electrophiles, which occur naturally in plants (e.g., capers and mustard greens), most likely derives from a mechanism of reversible covalent bonding. Such sensing can provide warning of potential damage rather than actual damage itself. Based upon its reputation as a lachrymator, Russell and Rush assumed that the eyes would sense MITC, before the upper airways, so gathered no data from the airways, except for odor. Field results from spills and results of acute exposures to animals covered in Dourson et al. (2010) add pertinent information o...Continue Reading

References

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Apr 22, 2010·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·Michael L DoursonBruce C Allen

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Citations

Jun 19, 2010·Environment International·Peder Wolkoff, Gunnar D Nielsen
Apr 22, 2010·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·Michael L DoursonBruce C Allen
May 29, 2016·Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology·Anna-Sara Claeson, Nina Lind
Jan 28, 2017·Environment International·Peder Wolkoff, Gunnar D Nielsen
Dec 15, 2017·BioMed Research International·Hiroshi EguchiYoshikazu Shimomura
Sep 7, 2020·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Satyanarayana Achanta, Sven-Eric Jordt
Dec 18, 2020·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·Inge MangelsdorfMalgorzata Debiak
Dec 1, 2019·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·A M ApiS Tsang
Aug 8, 2021·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·A M ApiY Tokura
Aug 14, 2021·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·A M ApiY Tokura
Aug 15, 2021·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·A M ApiY Tokura

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