Human endogenous retrovirus-FRD envelope protein (syncytin 2) expression in normal and trisomy 21-affected placenta.

Retrovirology
A MalassinéDanièle Evain-Brion

Abstract

Human trophoblast expresses two fusogenic retroviral envelope proteins, the widely studied syncytin 1, encoded by HERV-W and the recently characterized syncytin 2 encoded by HERV-FRD. Here we studied syncytin 2 in normal and Trisomy 21-affected placenta associated with abnormal trophoblast differentiation. Syncytin 2 immunolocalization was restricted throughout normal pregnancy to some villous cytotrophoblastic cells (CT). During the second trimester of pregnancy, syncytin 2 was immunolocalized in some cuboidal CT in T21 placentas, whereas in normal placentas it was observed in flat CT, extending into their cytoplasmic processes. In vitro, CT isolated from normal placenta fuse and differentiate into syncytiotrophoblast. At the same time, syncytin 2 transcript levels decreased significantly with syncytiotrophoblast formation. In contrast, CT isolated from T21-affected placentas fused and differentiated poorly and no variation in syncytin 2 transcript levels was observed. Syncytin 2 expression illustrates the abnormal trophoblast differentiation observed in placenta of fetal T21-affected pregnancies.

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Citations

Mar 21, 2008·Histochemistry and Cell Biology·Lars-Inge LarssonJan Fredrik Talts
Nov 8, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Cécile EsnaultThierry Heidmann
Jun 30, 2009·DNA Research : an International Journal for Rapid Publication of Reports on Genes and Genomes·Juliette GimenezFrançois Mallet
Jan 29, 2016·APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica·Joachim Denner
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Dec 25, 2009·EMBO Reports·Philip Hunter
Mar 11, 2015·European Journal of Immunology·Jonas HummelSibylle Schneider-Schaulies
Mar 31, 2015·Journal of Reproductive Immunology·André SchmidtUdo R Markert
Jun 22, 2016·Prenatal Diagnosis·Iveta SvobodováAleš Hořínek
Aug 4, 2016·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Bikem Soygur, Leyla Sati
May 26, 2007·Trends in Genetics : TIG·David MoyesPatrick J Venables
Jul 26, 2017·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Odile HeidmannThierry Heidmann
Apr 16, 2018·Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology·Monique AndersonSteven Jacobson
Dec 20, 2019·Experimental Physiology·Roger SmithJorge M Tolosa

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
light microscopy
cesarean section
PCR

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