Human Extrafollicular CD4+ Th Cells Help Memory B Cells Produce Igs

The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists
Sang Taek KimJoe Craft

Abstract

Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells are necessary for germinal center B cell maturation during primary immune responses; however, the T cells that promote humoral recall responses via memory B cells are less well defined. In this article, we characterize a human tonsillar CD4+ T cell subset with this function. These cells are similar to Tfh cells in terms of expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR5 and the inhibitory receptor PD-1, IL-21 secretion, and expression of the transcription factor BCL6; however, unlike Tfh cells that are located within the B cell follicle and germinal center, they reside at the border of the T cell zone and the B cell follicle in proximity to memory B cells, a position dictated by their unique chemokine receptor expression. They promote memory B cells to produce Abs via CD40L, IL-10, and IL-21. Our results reveal a unique extrafollicular CD4+ T cell subset in human tonsils, which specialize in promoting T cell-dependent humoral recall responses.

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Citations

Mar 16, 2019·Immunological Reviews·Wenzhi Song, Joe Craft
Dec 15, 2019·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Munir AkkayaSusan K Pierce
May 21, 2019·F1000Research·Sofia Jares Baglivo, Fernando P Polack
Feb 13, 2020·Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology·Konstantin P LyashchenkoW Ray Waters
Apr 27, 2021·Clinical and Experimental Medicine·Xiaoyu HouPingting Yang
Oct 9, 2021·Science Immunology·Baerbel KellerKlaus Warnatz

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