PMID: 9658145Jul 11, 1998Paper

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome activation induced by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax protein is through cooperation of NF-kappaB and Tat

Journal of Virology
H ChengW P Parks

Abstract

For productive replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in host cells, the viral genome-encoded transactivator Tat and several cellular transcription factors are required for efficient viral gene transcription. However, it remains unclear how the viral genome initiates transcription before Tat is transcribed or when Tat is at suboptimal levels. Here, we utilized the human T-cell leukemia type 1 Tax protein as a molecular tool to investigate the mechanism of viral gene transcription that initiates the early phase of infection of HIV-1. Tax alone does not significantly increase the activity of HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) in T lymphocytes, but it markedly enhanced the replication of an infectious HIV-1 provirus with a truncated nef gene. This enhancement is preferentially mediated by the cooperation of Tax and Tat which is dependent on TAR and duplicated kappaB cis elements of the HIV-1 LTR as well as the NF-kappaB activation domain of Tax. Furthermore, phorbol myristate acetate and membrane-targeted HIV-1 Nef also enhanced the LTR activity in the presence of Tat in the TAR- and kappaB cis element-dependent manner. These data suggest that activated NF-kappaB can functionally interact with a suboptimal amount...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 6, 2000·Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Médicas E Biológicas·J Casseb, A C Penalva-de-Oliveira
Nov 11, 2005·Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes : JAIDS·Tomozumi ImamichiH Clifford Lane
Dec 20, 2000·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·R L CaldwellV L Shepherd
Feb 11, 2004·Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research : the Official Journal of the International Society for Interferon and Cytokine Research·Alexey A MatskevichDavid S Strayer
Jan 22, 2008·Journal of Medical Virology·Upal RoyMark A Beilke
Jul 31, 2012·Future Virology·Shailendra K SaxenaMadhavan Pn Nair
May 27, 2006·Virology·Martyn K WhiteKamel Khalili

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