Human infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria: the infectious diseases and clinical microbiology specialists' point of view

Future Microbiology
Lorenzo GuglielmettiEmmanuelle Cambau

Abstract

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (>150 species such as Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium abscessus) are opportunistic pathogens causing lung and extrarespiratory infections, beside M. ulcerans and M. marinum that are pathogens causing specific skin and soft tissue infections. Disseminated infections occur only in severe immunosuppressed conditions such as AIDS. The diagnosis is based on repeated isolations of the same mycobacterium associated with clinical and radiological signs, and the absence of tuberculosis. Precise species identification is obtained by molecular biology. Therapeutic antibiotic regimens differ with regard to the mycobacterial species that are involved. Prevention of iatrogenic infections relies on using sterile water in all injections, healthcare and cosmetic occupations. Future perspectives are to set effective antibiotic regimens tested in randomized therapeutic trials.

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Citations

Aug 5, 2017·The Veterinary Record·Natasha DavendralingamNadene Stapleton
Apr 12, 2016·Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases·Yon Ju RyuCharles L Daley
Feb 25, 2018·Infection·Tatjana Adzic-VukicevicSalvatore Rubino
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Jun 24, 2018·Emerging Microbes & Infections·Haiqin JiangHongsheng Wang
Jan 1, 2018·Anais Brasileiros De Dermatologia·John Verrinder VeaseyGiselle Burlamaqui Klautau

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
PCR
surgical resection
biopsy

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT01298336

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