Human mismatch repair system balances mutation rates between strands by removing more mismatches from the lagging strand

Genome Research
Maria A AndrianovaVladimir B Seplyarskiy

Abstract

Mismatch repair (MMR) is one of the main systems maintaining fidelity of replication. Differences in correction of errors produced during replication of the leading and the lagging DNA strands were reported in yeast and in human cancers, but the causes of these differences remain unclear. Here, we analyze data on human cancers with somatic mutations in two of the major DNA polymerases, delta and epsilon, that replicate the genome. We show that these cancers demonstrate a substantial asymmetry of the mutations between the leading and the lagging strands. The direction of this asymmetry is the opposite between cancers with mutated polymerases delta and epsilon, consistent with the role of these polymerases in replication of the lagging and the leading strands in human cells, respectively. Moreover, the direction of strand asymmetry observed in cancers with mutated polymerase delta is similar to that observed in MMR-deficient cancers. Together, these data indicate that polymerase delta (possibly together with polymerase alpha) contributes more mismatches during replication than its leading-strand counterpart, polymerase epsilon; that most of these mismatches are repaired by the MMR system; and that MMR repairs about three times mo...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 6, 2019·Pathology Oncology Research : POR·Paulo AssumpçãoRommel Burbano
Sep 12, 2018·Genome Biology·Marketa TomkovaBenjamin Schuster-Böckler
Aug 5, 2020·Nature Genetics·David Mas-Ponte, Fran Supek
Jun 25, 2021·Nature Reviews. Genetics·Vladimir B Seplyarskiy, Shamil Sunyaev

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