Human serum amyloid A3 (SAA3) protein, expressed as a fusion protein with SAA2, binds the oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor

PloS One
Takeshi TomitaYoshiro Maru

Abstract

Serum amyloid A3 (SAA3) possesses characteristics distinct from the other serum amyloid A isoforms, SAA1, SAA2, and SAA4. High density lipoprotein contains the latter three isoforms, but not SAA3. The expression of mouse SAA3 (mSAA3) is known to be up-regulated extrahepatically in inflammatory responses, and acts as an endogenous ligand for the toll-like receptor 4/MD-2 complex. We previously reported that mSAA3 plays an important role in facilitating tumor metastasis by attracting circulating tumor cells and enhancing hyperpermeability in the lungs. On the other hand, human SAA3 (hSAA3) has long been regarded as a pseudogene, which is in contrast to the abundant expression levels of the other isoforms. Although the nucleotide sequence of hSAA3 is very similar to that of the other SAAs, a single oligonucleotide insertion in exon 2 causes a frame-shift to generate a unique amino acid sequence. In the present study, we identified that hSAA3 was transcribed in the hSAA2-SAA3 fusion transcripts of several human cell lines. In the fusion transcript, hSAA2 exon 3 was connected to hSAA3 exon 1 or hSAA3 exon 2, located approximately 130kb downstream from hSAA2 exon 3 in the genome, which suggested that it is produced by alternative spl...Continue Reading

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Jan 23, 2016·Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews·Mieke De BuckJo Van Damme
Nov 26, 2015·International Journal of Cardiology·Ya-ting Wang, Dan-yan Xu
Jun 11, 2019·PloS One·Ludwig StenzAriane Paoloni-Giacobino
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Jun 2, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Sara Abouelasrar SalamaSofie Struyf
Nov 28, 2020·Scientific Reports·Eucharist H S KunKwong-Kwok Wong
Dec 15, 2020·Immunology·Sara Abouelasrar SalamaSofie Struyf

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
AB937784

Methods Mentioned

BETA
two hybrid
PCR
gel filtration
ELISA
transfection
protein assay
chip
Immunoprecipitation
two-hybrid
flow cytometry

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