Human Urine Alters Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Virulence and Transcriptome.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Santosh PaudelRitwij Kulkarni

Abstract

Gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an emerging cause of hospital-associated urinary tract infections (UTI), especially in catheterized individuals. Despite being rare, MRSA UTI are prone to potentially life-threatening exacerbations such as bacteremia that can be refractory to routine antibiotic therapy. To delineate the molecular mechanisms governing MRSA urinary pathogenesis, we exposed three S. aureus clinical isolates, including two MRSA strains, to human urine for 2 h and analyzed virulence characteristics and changes in gene expression. The in vitro virulence assays showed that human urine rapidly alters adherence to human bladder epithelial cells and fibronectin, hemolysis of sheep red blood cells (RBCs), and surface hydrophobicity in a staphylococcal strain-specific manner. In addition, transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of uropathogenic strain MRSA-1369 revealed that 2-h-long exposure to human urine alters MRSA transcriptome by modifying expression of genes encoding enzymes catalyzing metabolic pathways, virulence factors, and transcriptional regulators. In summary, our results provide important insights into how human urine specifically and rapidly alters MRSA physiology and f...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 8, 2021·MBio·Panatda Saenkham-HuntsingerSargurunathan Subashchandrabose

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
CP000255.1
PRJNA715655

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
RNA-Seq

Software Mentioned

KEGGREST
KEGGREST Bioconductor package
goseq
GENEWIZ
GraphPad Prism
R
Trimmomatic
DESeq2
Rsubread
Bowtie2

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