Humanized Mice Are Precious Tools for Preclinical Evaluation of CAR T and CAR NK Cell Therapies

Cancers
Rana Mhaidly, Els Verhoeyen

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy represents a revolutionary treatment for hematological malignancies. However, improvements in CAR T-cell therapies are urgently needed since CAR T cell application is associated with toxicities, exhaustion, immune suppression, lack of long-term persistence, and low CAR T-cell tumor infiltration. Major efforts to overcome these hurdles are currently on the way. Incrementally improved xenograft mouse models, supporting the engraftment and development of a human hemato-lymphoid system and tumor tissue, represent an important fundamental and preclinical research tool. We will focus here on several CAR T and CAR NK therapies that have benefited from evaluation in humanized mice. These models are of great value for the cancer therapy field as they provide a more reliable understanding of sometimes complicated therapeutic interventions. Additionally, they are considered the gold standard with regard to assessment of new CAR technologies in vivo for safety, efficacy, immune response, design, combination therapies, exhaustion, persistence, and mechanism of action prior to starting a clinical trial. They help to expedite the critical translation from proof-of-concept to clinical CAR T-cell a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 23, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Darel Martínez BedoyaDenis Migliorini
Apr 7, 2021·Expert Review of Clinical Immunology·Kajal ChaudhryCatherine M Bollard
Apr 9, 2021·Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII·Bethany BarehamKourosh Saeb-Parsy
Apr 14, 2021·Nature Protocols·Tatjana WeidnerChristian J Buchholz
Apr 17, 2021·Current Protocols·Maria Teresa CacciapuotiGiorgio Inghirami
Sep 9, 2021·Human Gene Therapy·Mario AmendolaEls Verhoeyen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
xenograft
biopsy
biopsies
xenografts
flow cytometry
genetic modification

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT03690310
NCT02107963
NCT04097301

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