Hyaluronic acid synthase-1 expression regulates bladder cancer growth, invasion, and angiogenesis through CD44

Cancer Research
Roozbeh GolshaniVinata B Lokeshwar

Abstract

Hyaluronic acid (HA) promotes tumor metastasis and is an accurate diagnostic marker for bladder cancer. HA is synthesized by HA synthases HAS1, HAS2, or HAS3. We have previously shown that HAS1 expression in tumor tissues is a predictor of bladder cancer recurrence and treatment failure. In this study, we stably transfected HT1376 bladder cancer cells with HAS1-sense (HAS1-S), HAS1-antisense (HAS1-AS), or vector cDNA constructs. Whereas HAS1-S transfectants produced approximately 1.7-fold more HA than vector transfectants, HA production was reduced by approximately 70% in HAS1-AS transfectants. HAS1-AS transfectants grew 5-fold slower and were approximately 60% less invasive than vector and HAS1-S transfectants. HAS1-AS transfectants were blocked in G(2)-M phase of the cell cycle due to down-regulation of cyclin B1, cdc25c, and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 levels. These transfectants were also 5- to 10-fold more apoptotic due to the activation of the Fas-Fas ligand-mediated extrinsic pathway. HAS1-AS transfectants showed a approximately 4-fold decrease in ErbB2 phosphorylation and down-regulation of CD44 variant isoforms (CD44-v3, CD44-v6, and CD44-E) both at the protein and mRNA levels. However, no decrease in RHAMM levels was ob...Continue Reading

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