Hybrid Epithelial/Mesenchymal State in Cancer Metastasis: Clinical Significance and Regulatory Mechanisms.

Cells
Tsai-Tsen Liao, Muh-Hwa Yang

Abstract

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been well recognized for its essential role in cancer progression as well as normal tissue development. In cancer cells, activation of EMT permits the cells to acquire migratory and invasive abilities and stem-like properties. However, simple categorization of cancer cells into epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes misleads the understanding of the complicated metastatic process, and contradictory results from different studies also indicate the limitation of application of EMT theory in cancer metastasis. Nowadays, growing evidence suggests the existence of an intermediate status between epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypes, i.e., the "hybrid epithelial-mesenchymal (hybrid E/M)" state, provides a possible explanation for those conflicting results. Appearance of hybrid E/M phenotype offers a more plastic status for cancer cells to adapt the stressful environment for proceeding metastasis. In this article, we review the biological importance of the dynamic changes between the epithelial and the mesenchymal states. The regulatory mechanisms encompassing the translational, post-translational, and epigenetic control for this complex and plastic status are also discussed.

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Citations

Oct 3, 2020·Clinical & Translational Oncology : Official Publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico·P BrlekN Pećina-Šlaus
Apr 26, 2020·Cells·Michele Sommariva, Nicoletta Gagliano
Aug 6, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ti-Hui WuYa-Wen Lin
Oct 6, 2020·Frontiers in Oncology·Ayalur Raghu SubbalakshmiMohit Kumar Jolly
Jan 26, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Arijit MalAbhijit De
Dec 19, 2020·Frontiers in Oncology·Kaixiang FengDetao Yin
Feb 20, 2021·Journal of Cell Science· AsadullahShamik Sen
May 1, 2021·Cancers·Melysa FitrianaTsai-Tsen Liao
Jul 18, 2021·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·Saikat GhoshSubhas Bhowmick
Aug 21, 2021·Journal of Cell Science· AsadullahShamik Sen

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
environmental stress
acetylation

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