Hybridization and contemporary evolution in an introduced cichlid fish from Lake Malawi National Park

Molecular Ecology
J T StreelmanThomas D Kocher

Abstract

Rapidly evolving systems offer the chance to observe genetic and phenotypic change in real time. We exploit a well-characterized introduction of cichlid fish into Lake Malawi National Park to document a short history of habitat colonization and the evolution of genes and colour pattern. In the early 1960s, a fish exporter introduced individuals of Cynotilapia afra to a single site (Mitande Point) of Thumbi West Island and, as late as 1983, the species was confined to this location. In 2001, C. afra had colonized the entire perimeter of Thumbi West. In July of that year, we sampled C. afra individuals from six sites around the island and scored variation in dorsal fin colour as well as allelic diversity at six microsatellite loci. We found that, in two decades, C. afra had diverged into genetically distinct, phenotypically different northern and southern populations. We observed a high proportion of hybrids between the introduced C. afra and the native Metriaclima zebra on the southern coast of Thumbi West, and speculate that hybridization is facilitated by low water clarity at these windward sites. The short history of C. afra at Thumbi West is a microcosm of contemporary evolutionary divergence and may provide the opportunity ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 27, 2005·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Yong-Jin WonJody Hey
Aug 5, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Kathryn R ElmerAxel Meyer
Jul 11, 2006·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Andrew P HendryJeffrey Podos
Jul 19, 2006·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Ole Seehausen
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