Hydrochemistry of urban groundwater, Seoul, Korea: the impact of subway tunnels on groundwater quality

Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
Gi-Tak ChaeJin-Yong Lee

Abstract

Hydrogeologic and hydrochemical data for subway tunnel seepage waters in Seoul (Republic of Korea) were examined to understand the effect of underground tunnels on the degradation of urban groundwater. A very large quantity of groundwater (up to 63 million m3 year(-1)) is discharged into subway tunnels with a total length of 287 km, resulting in a significant drop of the local groundwater table and the abandonment of groundwater wells. For the tunnel seepage water samples (n = 72) collected from 43 subway stations, at least one parameter among pathogenic microbes (total coliform, heterotrophic bacteria), dissolved Mn and Fe, NH4+, NO3(-), turbidity, and color exceeded the Korean Drinking Water Standards. Locally, tunnel seepage water was enriched in dissolved Mn (avg. 0.70 mg L(-1), max. 5.58 mg L(-1)), in addition to dissolved Fe, NH4+, and pathogenic microbes, likely due to significant inflow of sewage water from broken or leaking sewer pipes. Geochemical modeling of redox reactions was conducted to simulate the characteristic hydrochemistry of subway tunnel seepage. The results show that variations in the reducing conditions occur in urban groundwater, dependent upon the amount of organic matter-rich municipal sewage contami...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 29, 2011·The Science of the Total Environment·Heetae LeeGwangPyo Ko
Aug 18, 2016·The Science of the Total Environment·Guillaume AttardLaurent Eisenlohr
Feb 6, 2017·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Alaa A MasoudHamdy Mashaly
Mar 3, 2019·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Yuansheng Feng, Xiaoguang Jin

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