Hydrogen cyanide produced by the soil bacterium Chromobacterium sp. Panama contributes to mortality in Anopheles gambiae mosquito larvae

Scientific Reports
Sarah M ShortGeorge Dimopoulos

Abstract

Mosquito larvae continuously encounter microbes in their aquatic environment, which serve as food and play a critical role in successful development. In previous work, we isolated a Chromobacterium sp. (C.sp_P) with larvicidal activity from the midgut of dengue vector Aedes mosquitoes in Panama. In this study, we found a positive correlation between initial concentrations of C.sp_P and larval mortality rates, and that C.sp_P is more efficient at inducing larval mortality in a high nutrient environment. Multiple Chromobacterium species induce larval mortality with similar efficacy to C.sp_P except for C. subtsugae. We also found that a non-lethal dose of C.sp_P lengthens development time and increases mortality over multiple developmental stages, suggesting persistent effects of exposure. Additionally, we showed that larvicidal activity persists in the larval breeding water after removal of live bacteria, and that the larvicidal factor in C.sp_P-treated water is smaller than 3 kDa, heat resistant to 90 °C, and lost after vacuum centrifugation. We showed that C.sp_P produces hydrogen cyanide in culture and in larval water at concentrations sufficient to kill An. gambiae larvae, and treatment of the larval water with a cyanide ant...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 30, 2020·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Eric P CaragataGeorge Dimopoulos
Oct 24, 2020·Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease·Elerson Matos RochaJayme A Souza-Neto
Jan 21, 2021·Microorganisms·Nikita S LyakhovchenkoInna P Solyanikova
Apr 24, 2021·NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes·Sonia MionDavid Daudé
Jul 30, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Blaire StevenDoug E Brackney

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
size fractionation

Software Mentioned

multcomp
Survival
R
stats

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