Hypercalciuria is related to osmolar excretion in children with nocturnal enuresis

The Journal of Urology
A M RaesJ Vande Walle

Abstract

We evaluated the incidence of hypercalciuria, defined as urinary calcium-to-creatinine ratio greater than 0.21 mg/mg, in children with nocturnal enuresis, and the association with concurrent values of diuresis and osmolar excretion. A total of 550 children admitted to a tertiary university center were included in the study. A 24-hour urine collection was performed in 8 sampling periods for measurement of calcium excretion, osmolality and diuresis. Of the children with nocturnal enuresis 12% had 24-hour hypercalciuria. Up to 29% of the timed urine samples exhibited hypercalciuria. There was a significant correlation between calcium excretion and nocturnal diuresis volume (polyuria), low urinary osmolality, and increased sodium and osmolar excretion of nighttime urine samples (all p <0.001). Patients referred to a tertiary enuresis center have a high incidence of hypercalciuria. However, the significant correlation between hypercalciuria and osmolar excretion and diuresis suggests that it is a comorbid factor rather than a primary pathogenic factor. As such, we cannot confirm the data from Italian studies relating nocturnal enuresis to primary hypercalciuria, and suggest instead an association with nutritional intake.

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Citations

Oct 31, 2014·Irish Journal of Medical Science·A Korzeniecka-KozerskaM Stefanowicz
Feb 16, 2013·Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society·Keisuke OtsuboHirokazu Kanegane
Feb 17, 2017·International Journal of Urology : Official Journal of the Japanese Urological Association·Tryggve Nevéus

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