Hyperfiltration-mediated Injury in the Remaining Kidney of a Transplant Donor

Transplantation
Tarak SrivastavaMukut Sharma

Abstract

Kidney donors face a small but definite risk of end-stage renal disease 15 to 30 years postdonation. The development of proteinuria, hypertension with gradual decrease in kidney function in the donor after surgical resection of 1 kidney, has been attributed to hyperfiltration. Genetic variations, physiological adaptations, and comorbidities exacerbate the hyperfiltration-induced loss of kidney function in the years after donation. A focus on glomerular hemodynamics and capillary pressure has led to the development of drugs that target the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), but these agents yield mixed results in transplant recipients and donors. Recent work on glomerular biomechanical forces highlights the differential effects of tensile stress and fluid flow shear stress (FFSS) from hyperfiltration. Capillary wall stretch due to glomerular capillary pressure increases tensile stress on podocyte foot processes that cover the capillary. In parallel, increased flow of the ultrafiltrate due to single-nephron glomerular filtration rate elevates FFSS on the podocyte cell body. Although tensile stress invokes the RAAS, FFSS predominantly activates the cyclooxygenase 2-prostaglandin E2-EP2 receptor axis. Distinguishing these...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 7, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology·Tarak SrivastavaMukut Sharma
Sep 26, 2019·Transplant International : Official Journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation·Adnan Sharif
May 13, 2021·Journal of Toxicology·Holly H Birdsall, Timothy G Hammond
Jul 27, 2021·EMBO Reports·Jörg HöhfeldBettina Warscheid

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