Hypertension in obese Zucker rats. Role of angiotensin II and adrenergic activity

Hypertension
M Alonso-GaliciaJ E Hall

Abstract

We designed our studies to determine whether blood pressure is elevated in obese Zucker rats compared with lean control rats and to test the importance of the renin-angiotensin and adrenergic nervous systems in long-term blood pressure control in this genetic model of obesity. We monitored mean arterial pressure 24 hours per day using computerized methods in 13- to 14-week-old lean and obese Zucker rats maintained on a fixed, normal sodium intake (3.3 mmol/d). Mean arterial pressure (average of 5 days) was higher in obese (100 +/- 1 mm Hg) than in lean (86 +/- 1) rats. Although control plasma renin activity was lower in obese than in lean rats (3.66 +/- 0.15 versus 5.48 +/- 0.11 ng angiotensin I/mL per hour), blood pressure sensitivity to exogenous angiotensin II was greater in obese than in lean rats. Blockade of endogenous angiotensin II receptors with losartan (10 mg/kg per day) for 7 days also caused a greater decrease in blood pressure in obese (36 +/- 2 mm Hg, n = 6) than in lean (25 +/- 1, n = 5) rats. However, combined alpha- and beta-adrenergic blockade with terazosin (10 mg/kg per day) and propranolol (10 mg/kg per day), respectively, for 8 days caused only modest decreases in blood pressure in obese (9 +/- 3 mm Hg, n...Continue Reading

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