Hyperthermia reduces viral load of white spot syndrome virus in Penaeus vannamei

Diseases of Aquatic Organisms
Clarissa GranjaMarcela Salazar

Abstract

We have previously reported that white spot syndrome virus-infected Penaeus vannamei (also called Litopenaeus vannamei) maintained at 32 degrees C show higher survival rates and a significant increase in number of apoptotic cells when compared to infected shrimp kept at 26 degrees C. As apoptosis plays an important part in the antiviral response of invertebrates, we hypothesized that this process would reduce WSSV replication, allowing the shrimp to control the disease and survive. To test this hypothesis, shrimp were orally infected and maintained at either 26 degrees C (Group 1) or 32 degrees C (Group 2), DNA was extracted from haemolymph collected at various times from 6 to 216 h post-infection, and the number of viral units was quantified by real time PCR using SYBR Green. In parallel, histological examination was carried out to confirm the WSSV infection and to rule out concomitant diseases. Linear regression of real time PCR units (rtPCRU) of WSSV from Group 1 showed a significant increase with time post-infection (r2 = 0.7383; p < 0.001). Conversely, there was no increase in rtPCRU with time post-infection in Group 2 (r2 = 0.142), indicating that hyperthermia inhibited, either directly or indirectly, viral replication. I...Continue Reading

Citations

Apr 16, 2010·Marine Biotechnology·Takashi AokiIkuo Hirono
Mar 21, 2012·Journal of Invertebrate Pathology·Timothy W Flegel
Apr 23, 2010·Veterinary Research·Peter J Walker, James R Winton
Jun 15, 2007·Physiological Genomics·Enrique de la VegaBernard M Degnan

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis