Hypoxia activates a neuropeptidergic pathway from the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus to the nucleus tractus solitarii

American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
Brian C RuyleE M Hasser

Abstract

The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) contributes to both autonomic and neuroendocrine function. PVN lesion or inhibition blunts cardiorespiratory responses to peripheral chemoreflex activation, suggesting that the PVN is required for full expression of these effects. However, the role of efferent projections to cardiorespiratory nuclei and the neurotransmitters/neuromodulators that are involved is unclear. The PVN sends dense projections to the nucleus tractus solitarii (nTS), a region that displays neuronal activation following hypoxia. We hypothesized that acute hypoxia activates nTS-projecting PVN neurons. Using a combination of retrograde tracing and immunohistochemistry, we determined whether hypoxia activates PVN neurons that project to the nTS and examined the phenotype of these neurons. Conscious rats underwent 2 h normoxia (21% O2, n = 5) or hypoxia (10% O2, n = 6). Hypoxia significantly increased Fos immunoreactivity in nTS-projecting neurons, primarily in the caudal PVN. The majority of activated nTS-projecting neurons contained corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). In the nTS, fibers expressing the CRH receptor corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 2 (CRFR2) were colocalized with oxytocin (OT) fi...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 3, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Heather A DantzlerDavid D Kline
May 21, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·A Mark Evans, D Grahame Hardie
Jun 6, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Willis K SamsonGina L C Yosten
Feb 6, 2020·CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics·Zhe ChenRong Dong
Sep 12, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Brian C RuyleEileen M Hasser
Jul 13, 2021·Current Opinion in Physiology·Akshita B GopalAsima Bhattacharyya
Oct 23, 2021·The Journal of Physiology·Coty M CooperEric Beaumont

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