Hypoxia alters the thermogenic response to cold in adult homeothermic and heterothermic rodents

The Journal of Physiology
Yvonne A Dzal, William K Milsom

Abstract

For small mammals living in a cold, hypoxic environment, supplying enough O2 to sustain thermogenesis can be challenging. While heterothermic mammals are generally more tolerant of cold and hypoxia than homeothermic mammals, how they regulate O2 supply and demand during progressive cooling in hypoxia is largely unknown. We show that as ambient temperature is reduced in hypoxia, body temperature falls in both homeotherms and heterotherms. In the homeothermic rat, a decrease in O2 consumption rate and lung O2 extraction accompany this fall in body temperature, despite a relative hyperventilation. Paradoxically, in heterothermic mice, hamsters and ground squirrels, body temperature decreases more than in the homeothermic rat, even though they maintain ventilation, increase lung O2 extraction and maintain or elevate their O2 consumption rates. Variation in cold and hypoxia tolerance among homeotherms and heterotherms reflects divergent strategies in how O2 supply and demand are regulated under thermal and hypoxic challenges. Compared to homeothermic mammals, heterothermic mammals are reported to be exceptionally tolerant of cold and hypoxia. We hypothesised that this variation in tolerance stems from divergent strategies in how hom...Continue Reading

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