Ice swimming - 'Ice Mile' and '1 km Ice event'

BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation
Beat KnechtleChristoph A Rüst

Abstract

Ice swimming for 1 mile and 1 km is a new discipline in open-water swimming since 2009. This study examined female and male performances in swimming 1 mile ('Ice Mile') and 1 km ('1 km Ice event') in water of 5 °C or colder between 2009 and 2015 with the hypothesis that women would be faster than men. Between 2009 and 2015, 113 men and 38 women completed one 'Ice Mile' and 26 men and 13 completed one '1 km Ice event' in water colder than +5 °C following the rules of International Ice Swimming Association (IISA). Differences in performance between women and men were determined. Sex difference (%) was calculated using the equation ([time for women] - [time for men]/[time for men] × 100). For 'Ice Mile', a mixed-effects regression model with interaction analyses was used to investigate the influence of sex and environmental conditions on swimming speed. The association between water temperature and swimming speed was assessed using Pearson correlation analyses. For 'Ice Mile' and '1 km Ice event', the best men were faster than the best women. In 'Ice Mile', calendar year, number of attempts, water temperature and wind chill showed no association with swimming speed for both women and men. For both women and men, water temperature ...Continue Reading

References

Feb 22, 1969·British Medical Journal·W R KeatingeJ Haight
Jul 15, 1998·Journal of Sports Sciences·S P McLean, R N Hinrichs
Oct 2, 2001·British Journal of Sports Medicine·W R KeatingeV Lioutov
Apr 15, 2009·Wilderness & Environmental Medicine·Domhnall BranniganNicole Khangure
Jun 3, 2009·Clinics·Renata R T CastroAntonio Claudio L Nobrega
Sep 19, 2009·Irish Journal of Medical Science·B KnechtleT Rosemann
Jun 30, 2012·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·Evelyn EichenbergerOliver Senn
Jul 27, 2012·Journal of Sports Sciences·Evelyn EichenbergerRomuald Lepers
Nov 6, 2012·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·G FischerT Rosemann
Jan 1, 2012·Extreme Physiology & Medicine·Christoph Alexander RüstThomas Rosemann
Dec 20, 2013·BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation·Mathias WolfrumRomuald Lepers
Jan 3, 2014·Extreme Physiology & Medicine·Matthias Alexander ZinggBeat Knechtle
Jan 31, 2014·Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquée, Nutrition Et Métabolisme·Christoph A RüstRomuald Lepers
Aug 15, 2014·BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation·Stefanie WildBeat Knechtle
Sep 12, 2014·BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation·Beat KnechtleChristoph Alexander Rüst
Feb 5, 2015·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·J SenefeldS K Hunter
Jul 17, 2015·SpringerPlus·Beat KnechtleChristoph Alexander Rüst

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 28, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Beat KnechtlePantelis Theo Nikolaidis
Jun 8, 2018·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·Beat KnechtlePantelis T Nikolaidis
Dec 6, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Beat KnechtlePantelis T Nikolaidis
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Beat KnechtleCaio Victor Sousa

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Software Mentioned

SPSS
GraphPad Prism
GraphPad
SPSS Statistics

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.