Identification and characterization of the human retinoid X receptor alpha gene promoter

Gene
Guojun LiJohn L Clifford

Abstract

Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) comprise a family of nuclear retinoid activated transcription factors that are members of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily. RXRs are obligate heterodimerization partners with several other hormone receptor family members, making them critical mediators of a wide range of signaling pathways. Retinoids have been used successfully for the prevention of a number of epithelial cancers, including skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The reduced expression levels of retinoid receptors including RXRalpha, the predominant RXR expressed in skin, is associated with malignancy in skin SCC. In order to study the regulation of RXRalpha in skin SCC carcinogenesis we have previously mapped the majority of the human RXRalpha gene. In the present study we have identified its first exon and promoter region. Exon 1, which contains the translation start site, is located in a highly G+C rich region of the genome at least 58 kb centromeric from exon 2. The promoter region itself is unusually G+C rich (75% G+C in 1200 bp of upstream sequence), has 17 putative SP1 transcription factor binding sites and no TATA or CAAT boxes. Transient transfection experiments with RXRalpha promoter-luciferase reporter constructs in SR...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 21, 2009·Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine·Heike KölschReinhard Heun
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Jan 7, 2018·Biochemical Genetics·Diana Chávez-LizárragaErika Chavira-Suárez
Apr 23, 2019·Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine·Yan LiuChun-Sheng Wang
Feb 8, 2018·The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Valentina PomattoPatrizia Bovolin

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