Identification and genome organization of saponin pathway genes from a wild crucifer, and their use for transient production of saponins in Nicotiana benthamiana

The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology
Bekzod KhakimovSøren Bak

Abstract

The ability to evolve novel metabolites has been instrumental for the defence of plants against antagonists. A few species in the Barbarea genus are the only crucifers known to produce saponins, some of which make plants resistant to specialist herbivores, like Plutella xylostella, the diamondback moth. Genetic mapping in Barbarea vulgaris revealed that genes for saponin biosynthesis are not clustered but are located in different linkage groups. Using co-location with quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for resistance, transcriptome and genome sequences, we identified two 2,3-oxidosqualene cyclases that form the major triterpenoid backbones. LUP2 mainly produces lupeol, and is preferentially expressed in insect-susceptible B. vulgaris plants, whereas LUP5 produces β-amyrin and α-amyrin, and is preferentially expressed in resistant plants; β-amyrin is the backbone for the resistance-conferring saponins in Barbarea. Two loci for cytochromes P450, predicted to add functional groups to the saponin backbone, were identified: CYP72As co-localized with insect resistance, whereas CYP716As did not. When B. vulgaris sapogenin biosynthesis genes were transiently expressed by CPMV-HT technology in Nicotiana benthamiana, high levels of hydroxyla...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 24, 2016·FEBS Letters·Shuhei YasumotoToshiya Muranaka
Feb 13, 2016·The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology·Philipp ArendtAlain Goossens
Nov 26, 2016·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Bekzod KhakimovSøren Balling Engelsen
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Jun 25, 2021·The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology·Aashish KumarSumit Ghosh
Nov 6, 2018·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Yu-Jia Zhao, Chun Li

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