Identification and phylogenetic analysis of Dirofilaria ursi (Nematoda: Filarioidea) from Wisconsin black bears (Ursus americanus) and its Wolbachia endosymbiont.

The Journal of Parasitology
Michelle L MichalskiJeremy Foster

Abstract

Dirofilaria ursi is a filarial nematode of American black bears (Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780) that is vectored by black flies (Simuliidae) in many parts of the United States. In northwestern Wisconsin, the prevalence of microfilaremic bears during the fall hunting season was 21% (n = 47). Unsheathed blood microfilariae from Wisconsin bears possess characters consistent with the original description of D. ursi, as do adult worms observed histologically and grossly. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify the Wolbachia endosymbiont in the hypodermis and lateral cords of an adult female D. ursi. Amplification of wsp, gatB, coxA, fbpA, and ftsZ bacterial sequences from parasite DNA confirmed the presence of Wolbachia, and molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Wolbachia ftsZ gene groups the endosymbiont with Wolbachia from D. immitis and D. repens. Phylogenetic analysis of D. ursi 5s rDNA sequence confirms the morphological observations grouping this parasite as a member of Dirofilaria, and within the Dirofilaria - Onchocerca clade of filarial nematodes. This is the first report of Wolbachia characterization and molecular phylogeny information for D. ursi.

Citations

Jun 1, 2012·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Maria Elena TurbaFabio Gentilini
Nov 28, 2013·Parasites & Vectors·Filipe Dantas-Torres, Domenico Otranto
Nov 14, 2012·The Journal of Parasitology·Janice L LiottaDwight D Bowman
Dec 4, 2012·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Samantha N McNultyPeter U Fischer
Nov 12, 2017·Parasites & Vectors·Risto PietikäinenAntti Oksanen
Dec 13, 2019·Zoonoses and Public Health·Andrew R Di Salvo, Bruno B Chomel
Jul 27, 2017·Veterinary Clinical Pathology·Angela D GwynnLaura Teigen
Aug 12, 2020·Acta Parasitologica·Petros BozidisChrissanthy Papadopoulou
Jul 25, 2019·International Journal for Parasitology. Parasites and Wildlife·Domenico Otranto, Peter Deplazes
Feb 19, 2021·Parasitology International·M B NataliniM M Kowalewski

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
GQ241942
GQ241945
GQ217523
AF325539.1
AJ242967.1
AJ010273.1
AJ010266.1
GQ217527

Methods Mentioned

BETA
electrophoresis
PCR
scanning electron microscopy

Software Mentioned

ClustalW
Mega4
Jalview
BLAST
Muscle

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