Identification of a Catalase-Phenol Oxidase in Betalain Biosynthesis in Red Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus)

Frontiers in Plant Science
Xiao-Lu TengXing-Guo Xiao

Abstract

Betalains are a group of nitrogen-containing pigments that color plants in most families of Caryophyllales. Their biosynthesis has long been proposed to begin with hydroxylation of L-tyrosine to L-DOPA through monophenolase activity of tyrosinase, but biochemical evidence in vivo remains lacking. Here we report that a Group 4 catalase, catalase-phenol oxidase (named as AcCATPO), was identified, purified and characterized from leaves of Amaranthus cruentus, a betalain plant. The purified enzyme appeared to be a homotrimeric protein composed of subunits of about 58 kDa, and demonstrated not only the catalase activity toward H2O2, but also the monophenolase activity toward L-tyrosine and diphenolase activity toward L-DOPA. Its catalase and phenol oxidase activities were inhibited by common classic catalase and tyrosinase inhibitors, respectively. All its peptide fragments identified by nano-LC-MS/MS were targeted to catalases, and matched with a cDNA-encoded polypeptide which contains both classic catalase and phenol oxidase active sites. These sites were also present in catalases of non-betalain plants analyzed. AcCATPO transcript abundance was positively correlated with the ratio of betaxanthin to betacyanin in both green and re...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 1991·European Journal of Biochemistry·A J Winder, H Harris
Sep 1, 1986·Stain Technology·K Nellaiappan, A Vinayagam
Jan 1, 1984·Methods in Enzymology·H Aebi
Feb 22, 1995·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·A Sánchez-FerrerF García-Carmona
Jan 11, 1994·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·J R RosF García-Cánovas
Aug 14, 1999·Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology·M Zámocký, F Koller
Dec 20, 1999·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·J C Espín, H J Wichers
Aug 31, 2000·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·A L KleschyovT Munzel
Apr 12, 2001·Plant Science : an International Journal of Experimental Plant Biology·S I. Kwon, C S. An
May 9, 2001·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·J C Espín, H J Wichers
Nov 21, 2001·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·J KannerR Granit
Mar 7, 2002·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Lalitha R Gowda, Beena Paul
Jun 11, 2002·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·Jacek Switala, Peter C Loewen
Mar 7, 2003·Phytochemistry·Dieter StrackWillibald Schliemann
Apr 8, 2003·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Galen M PieperMark B Adams
Jan 28, 2004·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·P ChelikaniP C Loewen
Feb 5, 2004·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Fernando Gandía-HerreroJosefa Escribano
Aug 5, 2005·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Anna M VetranoJeffrey D Laskin
May 4, 2006·Annual Review of Plant Biology·Erich Grotewold
Dec 27, 2006·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Pierre-Laurent MerlePaola Furla
Jul 3, 2007·Journal of Biotechnology·Emilia SelinheimoKristiina Kruus
Mar 29, 2008·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Didem Sutay KocabasZumrut B Ogel
Jul 30, 2008·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Johan SvensonNigel B Perry
Feb 21, 2009·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Fernando Gandía-HerreroFrancisco García-Carmona
Jul 8, 2009·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Te-Sheng Chang
Jun 5, 2012·Nature Genetics·Gregory J HatlestadAlan M Lloyd
Feb 12, 2013·Trends in Plant Science·Fernando Gandía-Herrero, Francisco García-Carmona
Aug 15, 2014·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Fernando Gandía-HerreroFrancisco García-Carmona
Feb 3, 2015·Frontiers in Plant Science·Michael L Sullivan

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 30, 2016·Extremophiles : Life Under Extreme Conditions·Robin Baginski, Monika Sommerhalter
Dec 6, 2017·Frontiers in Plant Science·Xingbo Wu, Matthew W Blair
Oct 6, 2018·Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Structural Biology·Yonca Yuzugullu KarakusArwen R Pearson
Mar 19, 2021·Scientific Reports·Yu-Cheng ChangJun-Yi Yang
Jun 9, 2020·Redox Biology·José M PalmaFrancisco J Corpas

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Datasets Mentioned

BETA
KP710221

Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
electrophoresis

Software Mentioned

ClustalW2
qTOWER
AcCATPO
MEGA
BLAST
MASCOT
MASCOT Server
DNAMAN
Matrix Science

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.